In botanical terms, a variety is each one of the groups into which a species is divided an which are distinguished from one another by certain secondary, but permanent, characteristics
What distinguishes the varieties fo grape from one other, therefore, are non-essential features: the vine is a single species.
While the development of varieties has been conditioned by several factors, it has always been bound to geographical location.
The vines best able to withstand conditions of heat, drought, frost or certain endemic diseases are those that have best thrived in the regions where such conditions existed.